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ID-FRONTIERS for October 24-31, 2004

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Messages are displayed in the order they were received.
 Subject From Date  Time 
 owl eye shine  Jeff Davis   Mon, 25 Oct 2004  10:12am 
 European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario  Jean Iron   Mon, 25 Oct 2004  5:44pm 
 Re: European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario  Julian Hough   Mon, 25 Oct 2004  6:16pm 
 Re: European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario  Phillip Pickering   Mon, 25 Oct 2004  6:28pm 
 Re: European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario  Bruce Mactavish   Mon, 25 Oct 2004  7:52pm 
 Re: European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario  Martin Reid   Tue, 26 Oct 2004  7:29am 
 Mystery bird in Minnesota  David A. Cahlander  Tue, 26 Oct 2004  6:24pm 
 Re: Mystery bird in Minnesota  Hugh McGuinness   Tue, 26 Oct 2004  6:48pm 
 Re: Mystery bird in Minnesota  Allen Chartier   Tue, 26 Oct 2004  7:17pm 
 Re: Mystery bird in Minnesota  Christopher T. Tessa  Tue, 26 Oct 2004  7:47pm 
 1w male A.discors/cyanoptera  =?iso-8859-1?Q?Ricar  Wed, 27 Oct 2004  11:57am 
 Spanish Teal i.d.  Ian Mclaren   Thu, 28 Oct 2004  5:39am 
 Cackling (hutchinsii) vs Canada (parvipes)  Ross Silcock   Thu, 28 Oct 2004  7:40pm 
 Fw: Cackling (hutchinsii) vs Canada (parvipes)  Ross Silcock   Thu, 28 Oct 2004  7:58pm 
 pdf of David and Gosselin  =?iso-8859-1?Q?Pierr  Fri, 29 Oct 2004  4:20am 
 Thrush ID  SGMlod(AT)AOL.COM  Fri, 29 Oct 2004  7:45pm 
 Gray-tailed vs. Wandering Tattlers  Brian Fitch   Sun, 31 Oct 2004  6:51pm 
To use email addresses replace '(AT)' with '@'.
This is done to confuse the spam 'bots.


[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: owl eye shine From: Jeff Davis <jndavis(AT)NETPTC.NET> Date: 25 Oct 2004 10:12am Hi, birders -- Is it possible to distinguish the Spotted Owl from the Western Screech-Owl and Northern Saw-whet Owl on the basis of color and intensity of eye shine? I haven't kept notes on this phenomenon, nor have I seen the differences between North American owls described completely. Thanks, Jeff Davis Prather, Fresno County, CA
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario From: Jean Iron <jeaniron(AT)SYMPATICO.CA> Date: 25 Oct 2004 5:44pm The gull season opens. We saw and photographed a juvenile Herring Gull on 23 October 2004 at Hamilton on Lake Ontario. It has features of a European Herring Gull (agentatus or argenteus). Also, we haven't eliminated the possibility of a Vega Herring Gull (vegae). We are interested in the opinions of those who know the variation in American Herring, European Herring, and Vega Herring Gulls. See four photos at http://www3.sympatico.ca/jeaniron/HerringG.htm Jean Iron and Ron Pittaway Jean Iron http://www3.sympatico.ca/jeaniron/ 9 Lichen Place Toronto ON M3A 1X3 416-445-9297
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Re: European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario From: Julian Hough <jrhough1(AT)SNET.NET> Date: 25 Oct 2004 6:16pm Jean & Ron, I agree the overall paler look to the wing feathers, giving a more "chequered" look, more extensive pale notching on the tertials and paler rump lend it a different look than the typical dark, "milk-chocolate" birds we all see and love (mainly 'cos we can identify them with at least a smidgin of certainty!) I think this is a juv. smithsonianus, based on the overall ground colour to the head and underparts, the smooth, relatively uniformly-coloured flanks (probably a good feature for smithsonianus vs argenteus ??) and tail pattern (which appears mostly blackish). Given the date and location I would expect that this would be the most likely id. I don't think vegae would need to be considered given the appearance suggests a smithsonianus. I am not familiar with juv. vegae. Here in CT we have had a few winters where we have seen variations in juv. smithsonianus - ad infinitum. Basically, we figured it's one of the most individually variable species/sub-species on the planet!! Smithsonianus variability should be synonymous with the word headache! Hope this is useful. Julian Hough, CT, USA jrhough1(AT)snet.net www.naturescapeimages.net ----- Original Message ----- From: "Jean Iron" <jeaniron(AT)SYMPATICO.CA> To: <BIRDWG01(AT)LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU> Sent: Monday, October 25, 2004 8:44 PM Subject: [BIRDWG01] European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario > The gull season opens. We saw and photographed a juvenile Herring Gull on > 23 October 2004 at Hamilton on Lake Ontario. It has features of a European > Herring Gull (agentatus or argenteus). Also, we haven't eliminated the > possibility of a Vega Herring Gull (vegae). We are interested in the > opinions of those who know the variation in American Herring, European > Herring, and Vega Herring Gulls. See four photos at > http://www3.sympatico.ca/jeaniron/HerringG.htm > > Jean Iron and Ron Pittaway > > Jean Iron > http://www3.sympatico.ca/jeaniron/ > 9 Lichen Place > Toronto ON M3A 1X3 > 416-445-9297
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Re: European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario From: Phillip Pickering <philliplc(AT)HARBORSIDE.COM> Date: 25 Oct 2004 6:28pm This is solidly within the range of variation at least for paler "west coast" smithsonianus. Cheers, Phil Pickering Lincoln City, Oregon philliplc(AT)harborside.com > http://www3.sympatico.ca/jeaniron/HerringG.htm
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Re: European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario From: Bruce Mactavish <bruce.mactavish1(AT)NF.SYMPATICO.CA> Date: 25 Oct 2004 7:52pm There is plenty of variation in both North American Herring Gull (smithsonianus) and European Herring Gulls (argentatus and argenteus). There is enough overlap of characteristics that some individuals are difficult or impossible to assign to European or smithsonianus. I think this bird is a smithsonianus Herring Gull. First of all the tail is mostly dark. There are very limited pale markings at the base of the outer tail feathers. This is more marked then many smithsonianus but is not at all extraordinary. It would be far more extraordinary for a European Herring Gull (argentatus and argenteus) to show this much dark in the tail. Note the right side of the tail is probably closer to what would be visible in normal relaxed flight. There is a lack of overall checkered appearance to the wing coverts. The pale areas are dirty brown with low contrast to the barring, therefore subduing the young Great Black-backed Gull effect that European Herring Gull (argentatus and argenteus) often remind me of. The broad barred tips to tertials would be extreme on a one year old Newfoundland smithsonianus, but perhaps less so on some Great Lakes Herring Gulls. Among scores of juv/1st winter Herring Gulls at Wheatley, Lake Erie, Ontario in early October 2004 I was surprised by the number that had barred tertial tips and the extent of some of those that did. The barring on undertail coverts is fine for smithsonianus. The image of a typical juv/1st winter smithsonianus Herring Gull as a nearly uniform chocolate brown bird has been ingrained in many observers by field guides and various photos. In fact there are many in North America that aren't like this. In early October 2004 I had an opportunity to see a few score of juv/1st winter smithsonianus Herring Gull at Wheatley, Lake Erie, Ontario. I was surprised that the uniform chocolate juvenile Herring Gull that I was used to in eastern Canada was in the minority. Most had a more mealy brown body with pale head streaking, more barred wing coverts, often substantial barring at tips of tertials and more pale markings at base of tail. Also in contrast to Newfoundland birds at the same time of year, 1st winter scapulars were much more in evidence with some birds seemingly with all 1st winter scapulars. I thought at the time, the Europeans would have a harder time trying to pick these birds out of their Herring Gull (argentatus and argenteus) flocks. We can all help figure out how many subspecies of Herring Gull there are in North American by photographing the birds in your area and then labelling the photos with location and date. Bruce Mactavish St. John's, Newfoundland Canada bruce.mactavish1(AT)nf.sympatico.ca -----Original Message----- From: NBHC ID-FRONTIERS Frontiers of Field Identification [mailto:BIRDWG01(AT)LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU] On Behalf Of Jean Iron Sent: Monday, October 25, 2004 10:15 PM To: BIRDWG01(AT)LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU Subject: [BIRDWG01] European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario The gull season opens. We saw and photographed a juvenile Herring Gull on 23 October 2004 at Hamilton on Lake Ontario. It has features of a European Herring Gull (agentatus or argenteus). Also, we haven't eliminated the possibility of a Vega Herring Gull (vegae). We are interested in the opinions of those who know the variation in American Herring, European Herring, and Vega Herring Gulls. See four photos at http://www3.sympatico.ca/jeaniron/HerringG.htm Jean Iron and Ron Pittaway Jean Iron http://www3.sympatico.ca/jeaniron/ 9 Lichen Place Toronto ON M3A 1X3 416-445-9297
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Re: European Herring Gull (?) in Ontario From: Martin Reid <upupa(AT)AIRMAIL.NET> Date: 26 Oct 2004 7:29am Dear Jean/Ron/all, I agree with the comments of Julian and Bruce that this bird is not a good fit for argentatus/argenteus, and I agree with them plus Phil that it seems to be within the range of what we currently call smithsonianus - especially those seen in western North America. However, I don't think vegae can be so easily ruled out. If you browse the magnificent Ujihara gull site: http://larus.hp.infoseek.co.jp/gullidentifi_.htm - it will not take long for you to find some 1CY vegae that look VERY like the Ontario bird. Of course, this does not mean it IS a vegae.... The first thing I look at on such birds are the undertail coverts: while a few vegae have the dark marks approaching the dense, smith-type (actually all New World gulls share thus pattern), the clear majority have the Old World-type of sparsely-marked undertail coverts (of the largely Old World forms, SBGU is the only exception.) Some vegae have underparts ( = ahead of the undertail coverts) just like many smiths; most are slightly less clouded/more mottled, and a minority look like argentatus/argenteus in the clarity of the streaking. The tail pattern of the Ontario bird is similar to a large number of vegae; a minority have more extensive white than this at the base of the retrices. The longitudinal white marks on the inner vane of the outer Rs is again typical of vegae (and not the other Old World HERG-types) and seems only to be found in a few smith-types that also resemble vegae in other respects (and might be vegae.) What we can't see in these pics is the degree of any pale panel in the primaries; typically vegae has this panel extend outwards more than in smith, but less than in SBGU, but there is significant variation in all three of these taxa in this regard, and this feature can only be used as a minor element. We don't really have any good idea about the occurrence of vegae in the New World away from western Alaska. Given its numbers in AK compared to SBGU, and the numbers of SBGU records (all non-first-years - cos we can't ID that age) from the rest of North America, I feel that vegae should be a are but regular visitor to the West Coast, and casual elsewhere here. If this is true, we may be misleading ourselves about the variability of smith; every year a few vegae candidates pop up, and they get left in limbo because someone recalls seeing the odd smith that looked exactly like that bird - but what if that benchmark smith was actually a vegae? We just don't know enough yet. In the meantime we need to collect all the data we can on vegae-like birds, as these may help sort things out later if/when we have a better handle on the ID and the true occurrence. BTW one other apparently good ID feature mentioned to me by the Ujiharas for first-cycle vegae is that, on the upper leading edge of the inner wing there is a strong, thin white line in the marginal coverts. They say that this is not found in smith, and in a quick sampling of my database of flight pics, I cannot find any smiths with such a clear white marginal-covert line - can anyone else? Cheers, martin Martin Reid San Antonio, Texas mailto:upupa(AT)airmail.net http://www.martinreid.com
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Mystery bird in Minnesota From: "David A. Cahlander" <david(AT)CAHLANDER.COM> Date: 26 Oct 2004 6:24pm This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ----INCLUDING text/plain MIME SECTION---- We have a bird coming to a feeder in Freeport, MN. We have a guess = about the species, but I'm not sure. Can you take a look at this bird = and help with the identification? http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4848.jpg long view at the feeder http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4863.jpg close-up at the feeder http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4856.jpg tail view in a spruce = tree http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4852.jpg side view in a spruce = tree The first species that came to mind are Lesser Goldfinch and = Black-headed Bunting, but the pictures indicate that it is neither. = Note that it is banded. I'm not familiar with band types, but it may = indicate that it is an exotic escaped bird. If it is an escaped bird, = where would it escape from? Thanks. --- David Cahlander david(AT)cahlander.com Burnsville, MN 952-894-5910 ----DELETED text/html MIME SECTION----
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Re: Mystery bird in Minnesota From: Hugh McGuinness <hmcguinness(AT)ROSS.ORG> Date: 26 Oct 2004 6:48pm "David A. Cahlander" <david(AT)CAHLANDER.COM> writes: >http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4852.jpg Hello David, To me the bird looks like a weaver (Plocidae), and reminds me of a female Ploceus baglafechti reichenowi (Baglafect's Weaver) that I saw in Kenya. This species is native to East Africa and the subspecies was formerly considered a separate species, Riechenow's Weaver. I'll be interested to see what people with more experience in Africa have to say. hugh Hugh McGuinness The Ross School 18 Goodfriend Park East Hampton, NY 11937 hmcguinness(AT)ross.org 631-907-5229 http://mail.ross.org/~hmcguinness
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Re: Mystery bird in Minnesota From: Allen Chartier <amazilia1(AT)COMCAST.NET> Date: 26 Oct 2004 7:17pm This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ----INCLUDING text/plain MIME SECTION---- David, Your mystery bird is a female Baglafecht (Reichenow's) Weaver (Ploceus = baglafecht reichenowi), which is found in the East African highlands = (mainly Kenya?). It is well illustrated on plate 114 in Birds of Kenya = and Northern Tanzania by Zimmerman, Turner, and Pearson, 1999 (Princeton = Field Guides). I also have a photo of a male on my website at: = http://www.amazilia.net/images/Birds/Ploceidae/BaglafechtWeaver.htm. Clearly, an escaped cage bird, but how or when is impossible for me to = say. Possibly a zoo escape? Allen Chartier amazilia1(AT)comcast.net 1442 West River Park Drive Inkster, MI 48141 Website: http://www.amazilia.net Michigan HummerNet: http://www.amazilia.net/MIHummerNet/index.htm ----- Original Message -----=20 From: David A. Cahlander=20 To: BIRDWG01(AT)LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU=20 Sent: Tuesday, October 26, 2004 9:24 PM Subject: [BIRDWG01] Mystery bird in Minnesota We have a bird coming to a feeder in Freeport, MN. We have a guess = about the species, but I'm not sure. Can you take a look at this bird = and help with the identification? http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4848.jpg long view at the = feeder http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4863.jpg close-up at the feeder http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4856.jpg tail view in a spruce = tree http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4852.jpg side view in a spruce = tree The first species that came to mind are Lesser Goldfinch and = Black-headed Bunting, but the pictures indicate that it is neither. = Note that it is banded. I'm not familiar with band types, but it may = indicate that it is an exotic escaped bird. If it is an escaped bird, = where would it escape from? Thanks. --- David Cahlander david(AT)cahlander.com Burnsville, MN 952-894-5910 ----DELETED text/html MIME SECTION----
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Re: Mystery bird in Minnesota From: "Christopher T. Tessaglia-Hymes" <cth4(AT)cornell.edu> Date: 26 Oct 2004 7:47pm found this nice match to your photo, of a female Baglafecht Weaver: <http://www.sitecenter.dk/birds/falsterboaugust2002/view.nhtml?profile=falsterboaugust2002&UID=10040> (www.sitecenter.dk/birds/falsterboaugust2002/view.nhtml?profile=falsterboaugust2002&UID=10040) Escapee, who knows where. Local collector? Check with the Minnesota Companion Bird Association (MCBA) to see if anyone has lost this species...or who bands with this color type. <http://www.mnbird.org/> (www.mnbird.org) --Chris T-H > We have a bird coming to a feeder in Freeport, MN. We have a guess about > the species, but I'm not sure. Can you take a look at this bird and help > with the identification? > > http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4848.jpg long view at the feeder http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4863.jpg close-up at the feeder http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4856.jpg tail view in a spruce tree > http://pancho.cahlander.com/website/4852.jpg side view in a spruce tree > > The first species that came to mind are Lesser Goldfinch and Black-headed > Bunting, but the pictures indicate that it is neither. Note that it is banded. I'm not familiar with band types, but it may indicate that it is > an exotic escaped bird. If it is an escaped bird, where would it escape from? > > Thanks. > --- > David Cahlander david(AT)cahlander.com Burnsville, MN 952-894-5910 > ============================================= Christopher T. Tessaglia-Hymes, Research Assistant Bioacoustics Research Program, Cornell Lab of Ornithology 159 Sapsucker Woods Road, Ithaca, New York 14850 Voice: 607-254-2418, FAX: 607-254-2460 <http://www.birds.cornell.edu/brp> <mailto:cth4(AT)cornell.edu> =============================================
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: 1w male A.discors/cyanoptera From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Ricard__Guti=E9rrez?= <gutarb(AT)TERRA.ES> Date: 27 Oct 2004 11:57am Hello all There is a mounted specimen of what appears to be a 1st winter drake nearctic duck which was initially believed-to-be an Anas discors, Blue-winged teal. There is a (poor but the only we have for now in digital format) image at http://www.rarebirdspain.net/w3166.jpg However, we feel there might be something wrong with this bird to be a BW Teal: The bill seems too long and a bit odd-shaped (better approaching cyanoptera?) The head pattern (and overall underparts) seem too warm and pale again for discors and perhaps better fitting cyanoptera. I'd like to ask our American colleagues to have a look and, most importantly, to give your opinion on this bird which anyway it's an interesting record but that can become a major finding depending on your opinions. One of our colleagues will have the chance of checking the bird (it is in a private -and almost inaccessible- collection), so any reccomendation for measurements to be taken or any diagnostic feature would be also welcome. Thanks a lot Ricard Gutiérrez http://www.rarebirdspain.net
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Spanish Teal i.d. From: Ian Mclaren <iamclar(AT)DAL.CA> Date: 28 Oct 2004 5:39am Riacard et al.: Some may remember that I have been pursuing teal i.d. from measurements of published and web photos of BWTE and CITE photos. I added the measurements from Ricard's photo (marginal, but I think o.k. for the purrpose) into the mix, as an "unknown" with 27 CITE and 19 BWTE head photos. A discriminant analysis of transformed ratios of various head measurements correctly assigns 19/27 CITE and 17/19 BWTE. Ricard's "unknown" bird proves to have a > 99% probability of being CITE from this analysis, a conclusion that he (and probably other viewers) had come to from simple obsbervation. Cheers, Ian Ian A. McLaren Professor Emeritus Biology Department Dalhousie University Halifax, NS B3H 4J1
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Cackling (hutchinsii) vs Canada (parvipes) From: Ross Silcock <silcock(AT)rosssilcock.com> Date: 28 Oct 2004 7:40pm Hi all: While googling around, I noticed a difference in bill structure between the two forms noted above. In parvipes, there appears to be a sharp rearward extension of the bill that seems to be absent, or at least considerably less pronounced, in hutchinsii. Is this worthy of consideration? Comparison shots: parvipes: www.badboybirding.com/LCGO_01252004.htm hutchinsii: http://www.martinreid.com/cago2.html and http://www.lincsbirdclub.co.uk/rare_birds/richardsons_canada_goose.htm Ross Ross Silcock P.O. Box 57 Tabor, Iowa, USA 51653 silcock(AT)rosssilcock.com New Zealand Land and Pelagic Bird Tours Birders' Checklist of the Pacific www.rosssilcock.com
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Fw: Cackling (hutchinsii) vs Canada (parvipes) From: Ross Silcock <silcock(AT)rosssilcock.com> Date: 28 Oct 2004 7:58pm Hi all: I'm not sure this went through; I apologize if it appears twice. Ross > Hi all: > While googling around, I noticed a difference in bill structure between the > two forms noted above. In parvipes, there appears to be a sharp rearward > extension of the bill that seems to be absent, or at least considerably less > pronounced, in hutchinsii. Is this worthy of consideration? > Comparison shots: > > parvipes: www.badboybirding.com/LCGO_01252004.htm > > hutchinsii: http://www.martinreid.com/cago2.html and > > http://www.lincsbirdclub.co.uk/rare_birds/richardsons_canada_goose.htm > > Ross > > Ross Silcock > P.O. Box 57 > Tabor, Iowa, USA 51653 > silcock(AT)rosssilcock.com > New Zealand Land and Pelagic Bird Tours > Birders' Checklist of the Pacific > www.rosssilcock.com > > > >
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: pdf of David and Gosselin From: =?iso-8859-1?Q?Pierre-Andr=E9_CROCHET?= <pierre-andre.crochet(AT)CEFE.CNRS.FR> Date: 29 Oct 2004 4:20am This is a multi-part message in MIME format. ----INCLUDING text/plain MIME SECTION---- Dear all,=0D Does anybody have a pdf file of David and Gosselin (2002) Bull. Brit. Orn. = Club=0D 122.=0D on spelling of scientific names?=0D Thanks a lot in advance!=0D Pierre=0D PLEASE NOTE NEW EMAIL // ATTENTION NOUVELLE ADRESSE EMAIL=0D Pierre-Andr=E9 Crochet=0D CNRS-UMR 5175 Centre d'Ecologie Fonctionnelle et Evolutive=0D 1919, route de Mende=0D 34293 Montpellier cedex 5=0D France=0D tel: + 33 6 07 32 60 75=0D + 33 4 67 61 32 98=0D fax: + 33 4 67 41 21 38=0D pierre-andre.crochet(AT)cefe.cnrs.fr=0D --=20 passerelle antivirus du campus CNRS de Montpellier -- ----DELETED text/html MIME SECTION----
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Thrush ID From: SGMlod(AT)AOL.COM Date: 29 Oct 2004 7:45pm ----INCLUDING text/plain MIME SECTION---- Greetings All I was perusing Joe Morlan's excellent website and came across pictures of a thrush ID'd as a Veery. See http://fog.ccsf.org/~jmorlan/veer100104.htm Joe's written description is great for Veery, but the photos struck me as odd. In the photos, the bird appears to have a fairly bold eyering, the overall color seems a bit dull, and as I recall them, Veeries typically show some gray in the cheek-- something this bird lacks. Indeed, "one of California's premier birders" apparently has opined that this bird was an odd Hermit Thrush. So, I looked at photos in both the Stoke's Guide and Kaufman's Focus Guide, and interestingly, in both birds the Veeries depicted show rather prominent eyerings and none of the gray on the cheek I recall so vividly. Interesting how photos can be so different from what our brains/eyes see. Anyway, looking back at Joe's pictures, considering the two published photos mentioned above, and considering Joe's written description, I feel that the ID of Veery is correct. However, I thought members of the listserv might be interested in this potential quandary, and I thought the discussion might be illuminating in general. Cheers Steven Mlodinow ----DELETED text/html MIME SECTION----
[ << | >> | ^^ ] Subject: Gray-tailed vs. Wandering Tattlers From: Brian Fitch <Fogeggs(AT)AOL.COM> Date: 31 Oct 2004 6:51pm Last week I heard an apparent Wandering Tattler give a clear, upslurred "too-weee" call in San Francisco. Following "Shorebirds" by Hayman et. al. for marks to separate the tattlers, I spent the bulk of my time trying to get a decent look at the nasal groove, which appeared to run about 60% of the length of the bill. I also noted that the wingtips were slightly shorter than the tail, and the supercilium was not long or broad and didn't meet over the bill. I never saw the uppertail coverts, and as the flanks were not mentioned as a field mark, I unfortunately did not study them. The bird's plumage was a medium dark gray, as I've seen on many presumed WATA's, not the lighter gray I saw on an alternate Gray-tailed this past June in Gambell. There was no juvenal speckling. The bird was aggressive toward other rockbirds, something I've not seen from local Wanderings, and it did not bob as frequently as others have. The bird was feeding actively in rocky tidepools. In searching for other sources to study, I was referred to this listserve by several people. Hayman states that the only diagnostic field marks to separate the tattlers in basic plumage are the call, the length of the nasal groove, and the pattern of scaling on the tarsus. Of those, I had only the call as an unequivocal perception, and as Hayman was published in '86, I'd like to know if these diagnostics are still considered acceptible, and whether anyone knows of other factors from personal experience or other sources that would support or contradict these. Sources from Siberia, Alaska, Oceana and Australia would seem especially pertinent. Brian Fitch San Francisco CA USA

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