ID-FRONTIERS for July 1-8, 2006

Messages are displayed in the order they were received.  Subject  From  Date   Time   Re: Fw: "Junkin's" Warbler - apparent hybrid (a strange one!)   Dick Newell    Sat, 1 Jul 2006   12:50am   Re: Fw: "Junkin's" Warbler - apparent hybrid (a strange one!)   Ian Paulsen    Sat, 1 Jul 2006   9:44am   McCown's Longspur plumage question   Robert Hughes    Mon, 3 Jul 2006   3:54pm   Tropicbird   Trey Mitchell    Tue, 4 Jul 2006   11:07am   Link to photos of Tropicbird needing ID   Trey Mitchell    Tue, 4 Jul 2006   11:12am   More info about the Tropicbird   Trey Mitchell    Tue, 4 Jul 2006   12:05pm   Green-winged Teal photos   Martin Garner    Wed, 5 Jul 2006   2:40am   ID of Baikal Teal   Martin Reid    Wed, 5 Jul 2006   4:16am   Re: Green-winged Teal photos   Phil Davis    Wed, 5 Jul 2006   9:35am   Re: Link to photos of Tropicbird needing ID   Alvaro Jaramillo    Wed, 5 Jul 2006   10:00am   Re: Junkin's Warbler   =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Mark_   Wed, 5 Jul 2006   9:49pm   Re: Junkin's Warbler   Laurent Raty    Thu, 6 Jul 2006   1:44am   AOU Check List 47th Supplement published   Phil Davis    Thu, 6 Jul 2006   8:23pm   Re: Junkin's Warbler   Laurent Raty    Fri, 7 Jul 2006   12:58am   Junkin's Warbler   Doug Pratt    Fri, 7 Jul 2006   7:32am   Re: Junkin's Warbler   Gary L Felton    Fri, 7 Jul 2006   12:15pm

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Subject: Re: Fw: "Junkin's" Warbler - apparent hybrid (a
         strange one!)
From: Dick Newell <dick.newell(AT)ZEN.CO.UK>
Date: 1 Jul 2006 12:50am

In reply to Angus' question: provided that there is DNA to be extracted,
then 1 feather is enough. It may also be worth collecting any droppings, as
it is now possible to extract DNA from these (cells slough off the wall of
the intestine). Two independent droppings samples of the Minsmere Curlew
here in the UK both confirmed that the bird matched Eurasian Curlew, and did
not match Slender-billed Curlew. There are a number of labs around who will
analyse the mtDNA, giving you the mother of the hybrid. It might be a little
trickier to find someone to analyse the nuclear DNA to give you the father.
Ideally, any samples should be preserved in alcohol, which is very hard to
obtain here in the UK. So, the next best thing, as Angus says, is to put
them straight into a freezer (particularly droppings which degrade quickly),
then identify your lab and ask them to send you some alcohol. Collecting
droppings adds a new dimension to any difficult field identification!
Dick
Cambridge, UK

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Subject: Re: Fw: "Junkin's" Warbler - apparent hybrid (a
         strange one!)
From: Ian Paulsen <birdbooker(AT)ZIPCON.NET>
Date: 1 Jul 2006 9:44am

HI:
 So I guess in the future, field guides will come with DNA sampling
kits?!

-- 

Ian Paulsen
Bainbridge Island, WA, USA
A.K.A.: "Birdbooker"
"Rallidae all the way!"

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Subject: McCown's Longspur plumage question
From: Robert Hughes <rhughes.enteract(AT)RCN.COM>
Date: 3 Jul 2006 3:54pm

On Saturday July 1 I saw and photographed a female-type McCown's Longspur 
in Sioux County Nebraska. What caught my eye about this bird was that the 
breast was heavily streaked. I don't have a lot of experience with McCown's 
Longspur but I was under the impression that adult females in alternate 
plumage don't have streaked breasts, so I was thinking that this bird is a 
juvenile. There were a number of adult McCown's in the area. I posted a 
photo of this individual on my Web site.

http://theorniphile.info/rare_birds/mccowns_longspur.html

Robert Hughes
Chicago

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Subject: Tropicbird
From: Trey Mitchell <trey(AT)PHOTOGRAPHWILDLIFE.COM>
Date: 4 Jul 2006 11:07am

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http://www.photographwildlife.com/images/FrontiersID/Tropicbird/tropicbird__
species.htm

 

Photos of a tropicbird which we have question about the ID of this Juvenile
bird.

 

Either a White-tailed or Red-billed. 

 

Suggestions and help.

 

Thanks,

 

Trey Mitchell

trey(AT)photographwildlife.com

 

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Subject: Link to photos of Tropicbird needing ID
From: Trey Mitchell <trey(AT)PHOTOGRAPHWILDLIFE.COM>
Date: 4 Jul 2006 11:12am

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http://www.photographwildlife.com/images/FrontiersID/tropicbird__species.htm

 

Trying again to post the link to the photos.

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Subject: More info about the Tropicbird
From: Trey Mitchell <trey(AT)PHOTOGRAPHWILDLIFE.COM>
Date: 4 Jul 2006 12:05pm

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Sorry,

 

I wasn't thinking. I took the photos and others made the visual
observations.

 

We saw the bird about 5 miles off Miami Florida in about 450ft of water
Monday, July 3rd at about 11am.

 

I initial ID was White-tailed Tropicbird since that is what we were looking
for if we would be lucky enough to see one. 

 

But as we began putting together the flight description and having
opportunity to view the photos, a question was raised to the possibility of
it being a juvenile Red-billed.

 

Below is one persons description of the birds flight. 

"I couldn't get a good look at the dorsal side or the eyebrow since I was
busy driving the boat, but there is one field mark that the photos don't
show: the flight. According to National Geographic, the Red-billed "Flies
with rapid , stiff, shallow wingbeats, unlike other tropicbirds whose flight
is more ternlike." This description matches 100% the flight of our bird.
However, I would ask those with more experience with Tropicbirds if this
flight characteristic is exclusive to the Red-billed, or do the White-tailed
also exhibit this type of flight. Physically, I think it's a subadult
White-tailed, but my sample set of Tropicbirds is 1."

And here is another observation after seeing the photos.

""Guys, I hate asking this but I have to: 

Could this bird be a Red-billed Tropicbird (RBT) instead? 

We all got caught up in the excitement (I know I did) and we seemed pretty
sure that this bird was a White-tailed Tropicbird (WTT). Remember this bird
flew directly over us and Trey could not get a picture of its dorsal side.
Now, speaking for myself, I've had zero experience with any of the three
tropicbirds. I know Paul Bithorn has some and so I ask him to look at the
photos carefully (not just the two that were posted but the rest). 

Here's the deal: 

It is obvious that the bird photographed has a yellow bill, but both the
WTT's and the RBT's have yellow bills when juvenile and subadult. The size
is relative, there's nothing to compare it to and we wouldn't be looking for
a disproportionally large bill as say with a Red-tailed Tropicbird. I've
searched images for several hours now and read literature which states the
lack of knowledge on tropicbird plumages...what a shame. I've come across
several images of subadult RBT's that match our bird, for example one off of
North Carolina (just google it). Of course THAT bird could have been
misidentified. That bird also exhibits the same black spot at the base of
the tail as our bird. I haven't been able to see another photo online witht
that field mark. 

Even though our bird is shown from a ventral view, it looks like the primary
coverts could also be black. The photos I've seen of the WTT show an abrupt
contrast between the black primaries and the white primary coverts, even
when viewed from below. All I remember seeing of the bird's dorsal side is
'black on the tips'. Another field mark I did not think of looking at was to
see if the black eyeline went across the nape (RBT's). 

Do any of you remember any of these field marks? How about the barring on
the bird's back? I'm not trying to make the bird into something else. I just
want everyone else's (everyone who was there) input on this and anyone with
tropicbird experience can chip in also. I need to be sure!"

Hope this helps

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Subject: Green-winged Teal photos
From: Martin Garner <martin.go(AT)VIRGIN.NET>
Date: 5 Jul 2006 2:40am

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Hi,

A small request for help. Does anyone have/ know of good quality photos =
of Green-winged Teals showing the wing spread at rest/ or in flight =
(need to be close views). I am particularly interested in females/ =
immatures for forthcoming article.

Please reply privately

thanks for any help

Martin Garner

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Subject: ID of Baikal Teal
From: Martin Reid <upupa(AT)AIRMAIL.NET>
Date: 5 Jul 2006 4:16am

Dear all,
I recently received my copy of NA Birds, and was intrigued to see the 
photo on page 119 of a Baikal Teal - apparently one of at least four 
seen - at Shemya, AK in late September.  I was wondering if any of 
you felt that this bird is IDable from this photo?  I presume that 
the observer(s) saw more than is visible in this photo in order to ID 
it as Baikal...maybe a good look at the open wing pattern?  Note that 
the flank feather pattern is that of a juvenile, and that the bill 
seems to have a pale patch at the base - this last feature is 
oft-mentioned in ID tomes as a no-no for Baikal, but can anyone with 
experience of them comment on this?
Cheers,
Martin

-- 
Martin Reid
San Antonio, Texas
mailto:upupa(AT)airmail.net
http://www.martinreid.com

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Subject: Re: Green-winged Teal photos
From: Phil Davis <pdavis(AT)IX.NETCOM.COM>
Date: 5 Jul 2006 9:35am

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Hi Martin:

Try this link ...

         http://www.npwrc.usgs.gov/resource/birds/duckplum/gwteal.htm

Hope it helps.

Phil

At 05:01 07/05/2006, Martin Garner wrote:
>Hi,
>
>A small request for help. Does anyone have/ know of good quality photos of 
>Green-winged Teals showing the wing spread at rest/ or in flight (need to 
>be close views). I am particularly interested in females/ immatures for 
>forthcoming article.
>
>Please reply privately
>
>thanks for any help
>
>Martin Garner
>
>Join or Leave BIRDWG01: 
>http://listserv.arizona.edu/cgi-bin/wa?SUBED1=birdwg01
>
>Archives: http://listserv.arizona.edu/archives/birdwg01.html

==================================
Phil Davis      Davidsonville, Maryland     USA
                 mailto:PDavis(AT)ix.netcom.com
================================== 

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Subject: Re: Link to photos of Tropicbird needing ID
From: Alvaro Jaramillo <chucao(AT)COASTSIDE.NET>
Date: 5 Jul 2006 10:00am

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Trey

=20

     I don=92t have a definitive answer for the id of this bird, =
although I
lean toward Red-billed. Part of what makes me hesitant is that I am =
unclear
about geographic variation in White-tailed Tropicbird, particularly in =
terms
of the extent of black on the primaries. In Hawaii, White-tailed =
Tropicbird
(adults) have white primary tips. From beneath the wings appear to show =
a
dark wedge on the outer primaries, with a bright white tip to the wings. =
I
was looking at some of my photos, and some from the web, of White-tails =
from
the Caribbean and they may be variable. Some birds show dark going to =
the
tips of the primaries, shaped like sharp points, giving a =93toothed=94
appearance from below. Perhaps it is just an issue of the white tips
becoming worn off on some individuals? Red-bills on the other hand have =
more
extensive black on the primaries, and no white tips. From beneath you =
see
translucent secondaries and inner primaries, and a dark area on the =
outer
wing that is pretty extensive. Your bird is not an adult, so this may =
not
apply, but some photos of young White-tails I have seen show a good =
amount
of white on the primary tips that your bird lacks, suggesting Red-billed =
to
me. As well, the bill looks pretty bulky in some views, again good for
Red-billed.=20

            By the way, bill color in White-tailed Tropicbird adults =
shows
some weird geographic variation. Birds in Hawaii and the rest of the =
Pacific
show the classic yellow bill. In Puerto Rico, they have bright =
orange-red
bills, but the two birds I have seen in Tobago (where a vagrant) showed
yellow bills. Looking at photos on Brian Patteson=92s site =
(patteson.com) some
of his White-tailed Tropicbirds show orange bills, others show yellow =
bills.

=20

Regards

=20

Al

=20

Alvaro Jaramillo

chucao(AT)coastside.net

Half Moon Bay, CA

=20

Field Guides - Birding Tours Worldwide

http://www.fieldguides.com/home.htm

=20

   _____ =20

From: NBHC ID-FRONTIERS Frontiers of Field Identification
[mailto:BIRDWG01(AT)LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU] On Behalf Of Trey Mitchell
Sent: Tuesday, July 04, 2006 11:12 AM
To: BIRDWG01(AT)LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU
Subject: [BIRDWG01] Link to photos of Tropicbird needing ID

=20

HYPERLINK
"http://www.photographwildlife.com/images/FrontiersID/tropicbird__species=
.ht
m"http://www.photographwildlife.com/images/FrontiersID/tropicbird__specie=
s.h
tm

=20

Trying again to post the link to the photos=85

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Subject: Re: Junkin's Warbler
From: =?ISO-8859-1?Q?Mark_Brown?= <lawoffmarkbrown(AT)VERIZON.NET>
Date: 5 Jul 2006 9:49pm

All:

Re:  Junkin’s Warbler;  hybrid vireo?

Hi. My name is Mark Brown and I have a hybrid addiction. I have been looking
for a modern version of Annie P. Gray’s Bird Hybrids, A Check-List with
Bibliography. I think I have found something better. There is a new book out
called Handbook of Avian Hybrids of the World (2006) (Oxford University
Press) by Eugene McCarthy. Mr. McCarthy’s kindly responded to my question’s
on the Junkin’s Warbler. His thoughts follow:
 
There have been no reports of hybrids between wood warblers and vireos. This
is not to say that it is impossible, but there have been no such reports.
Indeed, all of the reported crosses for vireos (genus Vireo) have been
intrageneric. Many intergeneric crosses have been reported for wood
warblers, but none with birds outside the family (Parulidae). Far more
crosses have been reported for wood warblers (more than 70 different kinds)
than for vireos (only 4 kinds).

With regard to the mystery bird pictured on Dave Junkin's website
(www.home.eznet.net/~kfox/wny/junkin/junkin.htm), my bet is on Mourning
Warbler x Common Yellowthroat (Oporornis philadelphia x Geothlypis trichas). 
In the on-line discussion (http://listserv.arizona.edu/cgi-bin/wa?
A1=ind0606e&L=birdwg01) Kevin McGowan of Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology
guessed that the mystery bird was a Canada x Mourning Warbler. 
However, he also noted that it is similar to  the Mourning Warbler x Common
Yellowthroat described by Bledsoe 1988 (Wilson Bulletin, vol. 100, pp. 1-8).
I list this hybrid in my book. Bledsoe includes a watercolor of this hybrid.
It doesn't exactly match the hybrid pictured on Dave's site, but it comes
close. Actually, watercolors of the two parents look rather different from
typical Mourning Warbler and Common Yellowthroat. But  judge for
yourself--you can see the pictures on line:
(http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Wilson/v100n01/index.php).

The main point of interest with regard to Bledsoe's report is that,
although, the throats are yellow in both O. philadelphia and G. trichas, the
hybrid had a white throat flecked with gray. Bledsoe does not mention the
fact, but the non- intermediate throat color could be explained on the
genetic level by positing that throat pigment is controlled by recessive
genes at distinct loci in O. 
philadelphia and G. trichas (this is the mechanism that is thought to
underlie the not intermediate traits seen in hybrids of the Blue- and
Golden-winged warblers). 

The white eye-rings and supralorals are adequately explained in my mind by a
comment made by David Sibley, who notes (Guide to Birds, 2000, p. 452) that
occasional Common Yellowthroats "show yellow supraloral and/or broken
whitish eye-ring." The yellowthroat variant that he pictures shows an
eye-ring and supraloral pattern very similar to that of the hybrid on Dave
Junkin's site. 
However, the yellowthroat supraloral pictured by Sibley is yellow. Again,
though, the pigmentation of this region may have been changed to white in
the hybrid by the same genetic mechanism that presumably explains the white
coloration of the throat. I also notice that facial pigment of the bird
pictured on Dave's site is darkest in the same region where the head of a
Common Yellow throat is black, but elsewhere is a gray that closely matches
O. philadelphia. 

As regards the suggestion that the bird might be  a hybrid of a Blue-headed
Vireo and a Mourning Warbler, I can't really go along with this. In my book
I do list some rather bizarre hybrids produced by interbreeding between
birds that are considered very distantly related, but the vast majority of
hybrids are produced from crosses between fairly closely related birds.  

In identifying naturally occurring specimens like this, I think it's best to
stick with the hybrids that are known, Indeed, one of the reasons that I
wrote my book was to provide a comprehensive list of all known crosses, so
that in situations like this the number of candidates can be narrowed down.
 This is not to say that new kinds of hybrids are never reported. I'd say
there are several new ones reported each month. But to accept a report of a
previously unknown hybrid between distantly related birds, I would need
stronger evidence than morphological intermediacy. In such cases, controlled
captive matings, DNA testing, or an observation of the putative parents
nesting together in the wild 
(or a combination of such evidence) would be required.

Gene McCarthy

Regards,

Mark Brown
Santa Maria, CA 93454

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Subject: Re: Junkin's Warbler
From: Laurent Raty <l.raty(AT)SKYNET.BE>
Date: 6 Jul 2006 1:44am

Hi,

For those with an interest in hybrids, the 'Bird hybrids search engine'
compiled by Serge Dumont also provides a very good start, though it gives
only references and do not discuss the cases, and of course it is most
probably not as up-to-date as a book published in 2006.
It is available here : http://www.bird-hybrids.com/

With regards to Canada x Mourning Warbler hybridisation : Bledsoe (1988 :
5), in the discussion following his description of the Yellowthroat x
Mourning hybrid, cites this combination. The citation is made in a way
that suggests that there has been no publication, but that there is a
specimen at the USNM. It would obviously be interesting to know how this
bird looked.

Cheers,
Laurent -

Laurent Raty
Brussels, Belgium
l.raty(AT)skynet.be

----- Original Message ----- 
From: "Mark Brown" <lawoffmarkbrown(AT)VERIZON.NET>
To: <BIRDWG01(AT)LISTSERV.ARIZONA.EDU>
Sent: Thursday, July 06, 2006 6:38 AM
Subject: Re: [BIRDWG01] Junkin's Warbler

> All:
>
> Re:  Junkin's Warbler;  hybrid vireo?
>
> Hi. My name is Mark Brown and I have a hybrid addiction. I have been
looking
> for a modern version of Annie P. Gray's Bird Hybrids, A Check-List with
> Bibliography. I think I have found something better. There is a new book
out
> called Handbook of Avian Hybrids of the World (2006) (Oxford University
> Press) by Eugene McCarthy. Mr. McCarthy's kindly responded to my
question's
> on the Junkin's Warbler. His thoughts follow:
>
> There have been no reports of hybrids between wood warblers and vireos.
This
> is not to say that it is impossible, but there have been no such reports.
> Indeed, all of the reported crosses for vireos (genus Vireo) have been
> intrageneric. Many intergeneric crosses have been reported for wood
> warblers, but none with birds outside the family (Parulidae). Far more
> crosses have been reported for wood warblers (more than 70 different
kinds)
> than for vireos (only 4 kinds).
>
> With regard to the mystery bird pictured on Dave Junkin's website
> (www.home.eznet.net/~kfox/wny/junkin/junkin.htm), my bet is on Mourning
> Warbler x Common Yellowthroat (Oporornis philadelphia x Geothlypis
trichas).
> In the on-line discussion (http://listserv.arizona.edu/cgi-bin/wa?
> A1=ind0606e&L=birdwg01) Kevin McGowan of Cornell Laboratory of Ornithology
> guessed that the mystery bird was a Canada x Mourning Warbler.
> However, he also noted that it is similar to  the Mourning Warbler x
Common
> Yellowthroat described by Bledsoe 1988 (Wilson Bulletin, vol. 100, pp.
1-8).
> I list this hybrid in my book. Bledsoe includes a watercolor of this
hybrid.
> It doesn't exactly match the hybrid pictured on Dave's site, but it comes
> close. Actually, watercolors of the two parents look rather different from
> typical Mourning Warbler and Common Yellowthroat. But  judge for
> yourself--you can see the pictures on line:
> (http://elibrary.unm.edu/sora/Wilson/v100n01/index.php).
>
> The main point of interest with regard to Bledsoe's report is that,
> although, the throats are yellow in both O. philadelphia and G. trichas,
the
> hybrid had a white throat flecked with gray. Bledsoe does not mention the
> fact, but the non- intermediate throat color could be explained on the
> genetic level by positing that throat pigment is controlled by recessive
> genes at distinct loci in O.
> philadelphia and G. trichas (this is the mechanism that is thought to
> underlie the not intermediate traits seen in hybrids of the Blue- and
> Golden-winged warblers).
>
> The white eye-rings and supralorals are adequately explained in my mind by
a
> comment made by David Sibley, who notes (Guide to Birds, 2000, p. 452)
that
> occasional Common Yellowthroats "show yellow supraloral and/or broken
> whitish eye-ring." The yellowthroat variant that he pictures shows an
> eye-ring and supraloral pattern very similar to that of the hybrid on Dave
> Junkin's site.
> However, the yellowthroat supraloral pictured by Sibley is yellow. Again,
> though, the pigmentation of this region may have been changed to white in
> the hybrid by the same genetic mechanism that presumably explains the
white
> coloration of the throat. I also notice that facial pigment of the bird
> pictured on Dave's site is darkest in the same region where the head of a
> Common Yellow throat is black, but elsewhere is a gray that closely
matches
> O. philadelphia.
>
> As regards the suggestion that the bird might be  a hybrid of a
Blue-headed
> Vireo and a Mourning Warbler, I can't really go along with this. In my
book
> I do list some rather bizarre hybrids produced by interbreeding between
> birds that are considered very distantly related, but the vast majority of
> hybrids are produced from crosses between fairly closely related birds.
>
> In identifying naturally occurring specimens like this, I think it's best
to
> stick with the hybrids that are known, Indeed, one of the reasons that I
> wrote my book was to provide a comprehensive list of all known crosses, so
> that in situations like this the number of candidates can be narrowed
down.
>  This is not to say that new kinds of hybrids are never reported. I'd say
> there are several new ones reported each month. But to accept a report of
a
> previously unknown hybrid between distantly related birds, I would need
> stronger evidence than morphological intermediacy. In such cases,
controlled
> captive matings, DNA testing, or an observation of the putative parents
> nesting together in the wild
> (or a combination of such evidence) would be required.
>
> Gene McCarthy
>
> Regards,
>
> Mark Brown
> Santa Maria, CA 93454
>
>
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Subject: AOU Check List 47th Supplement published
From: Phil Davis <pdavis(AT)IX.NETCOM.COM>
Date: 6 Jul 2006 8:23pm

Birders:

The 47th Supplement to the AOU Check List is now available on the AOU web 
site, here ...

         http://www.aou.org/checklist/Suppl47.pdf

Phil

==================================
Phil Davis      Davidsonville, Maryland     USA
                 mailto:PDavis(AT)ix.netcom.com
================================== 

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Subject: Re: Junkin's Warbler
From: Laurent Raty <l.raty(AT)SKYNET.BE>
Date: 7 Jul 2006 12:58am

Dear all,

Michel Gosselin, who is not a member of this list, just let me know that
pictures of another probable Mourning Warbler x Common Yellowthroat hybrid
can be seen here : http://www.oiseauxqc.org/parulhyb.html

Cheers,
Laurent -

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Subject: Junkin's Warbler
From: Doug Pratt <Doug.Pratt(AT)NCMAIL.NET>
Date: 7 Jul 2006 7:32am

Hello everyone:

    Why has no one suggested Canada x Connecticut as the parentage of 
this hybrid?  The bird is almost exactly intermediate between these 
two.  Connecticut would explain the white throat, and other features are 
a good combo of facial and other features.  In any case, I think Canada 
has to be one parent;  the bird just has too many Canada features.

Doug Pratt

-- 
H. Douglas Pratt, Curator of Birds
Research and Collections
North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences
11 West Jones Street
Raleigh, NC 27601-1029
Phone: (919)733-7450 ext. 728
E-mail: doug.pratt(AT)ncmail.net

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Subject: Re: Junkin's Warbler
From: Gary L Felton <gljeinwv(AT)JUNO.COM>
Date: 7 Jul 2006 12:15pm

Doug,

        One of my initial guesses was Mourning/Chat cross.  I'm now
inclined towards
Mourning/Canada cross.  In regards to your question, I felt the underside
was too 
intensely yellow for Connecticut.  I haven't looked at the photo lately,
but if I remember 
correctly, the back was too greenish for Connecticut.

Gary Felton
Kingwood, WV  

    
On Fri, 7 Jul 2006 10:32:34 -0400 Doug Pratt <Doug.Pratt(AT)NCMAIL.NET>
writes:
> Hello everyone:
> 
>     Why has no one suggested Canada x Connecticut as the parentage 
> of 
> this hybrid?  The bird is almost exactly intermediate between these 
> 
> two.  Connecticut would explain the white throat, and other features 
> are 
> a good combo of facial and other features.  In any case, I think 
> Canada 
> has to be one parent;  the bird just has too many Canada features.
> 
> Doug Pratt
> 
> -- 
> H. Douglas Pratt, Curator of Birds
> Research and Collections
> North Carolina Museum of Natural Sciences
> 11 West Jones Street
> Raleigh, NC 27601-1029
> Phone: (919)733-7450 ext. 728
> E-mail: doug.pratt(AT)ncmail.net
> 
> 
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